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An unergative verb is an intransitive verb (which is not unaccusative)〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://web.mit.edu/norvin/www/24.902/unaccusatives.html )〕 distinguished semantically by having an agent argument, or that treats the argument like the ergative argument of a transitive verb. For example, in English, ''run'', ''talk'' and ''resign'' are unergative verbs (while ''fall'' and ''die'' are unaccusative). Some languages treat unergative verbs distinctly from other intransitives in morphosyntactical terms. For example, in some Romance languages these verbs use different auxiliaries when forming the compound tenses. See the article on unaccusative verbs for details. Besides the above, unergative verbs differ from unaccusative verbs in the fact that, in some languages, they can be passivized to a limited extent. In Dutch for example, unergatives take ''hebben'' (to have) in the perfect tenses: :Ik telefoneer - ik ''heb'' getelefoneerd. :"I call (by phone). - I have called." In such cases a transition to an impersonal passive construction is possible using the adverb ''er'' (that functions as a dummy subject) and the passive auxiliary ''worden'' :''Er wordt door Jan getelefoneerd.'' :" *There is by Jan telephoned." (i. e. "A telephone call by Jan is going on.") By contrast, ergative verbs take ''zijn'' (to be) in the perfect tenses. :Het vet stolt - het vet is gestold :"The grease solidifies - The grease ''has'' solidified." In this case no passive construction with ''worden'' is possible. In other words, unergatives are truly intransitive, ergatives are not. ==References== *(Lexicon of Linguistics ) (Utrecht institute of Linguistics) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Unergative verb」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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